2021 Tesla Model Y: What to check before buying
Owners have filed 991 complaints with NHTSA about this car, most about the automatic emergency braking, acceleration and cruise control, and electrical. The 9 checks below target those problems, in the order you would do them at the car.
2021- Owner complaints
- 991
- Recalls
- 21
- Crashes reported
- 84
- 24 injuries
Your inspection sheet
Tick items off on your phone at the car, or print it. Ticks stay on this device.
0/9 checked
2021 Tesla Model Y: inspection sheet
Paperwork and questions
Before you go, or before you touch the car0/3
Walk-around and cabin
Engine off, key in hand0/1
Test drive
At least 20 minutes, with some highway0/5
These checks are specific to this model year. For tires, body panels, fluids, and the other basics every used car needs, use the general inspection guide.
Which Model Y is it?
EPA figures for each version of the 2021 Tesla Model Y. Use them to confirm you are looking at the version that was advertised, and as a yardstick on the test drive.
| Version | Drive | EPA rating |
|---|---|---|
| Electric | AWD, RWD | 244–326 mi range |
- With a full charge, the range estimate on the dash should land near the EPA figure of 244–326 miles. A much lower number on a mild day can mean a worn battery; ask for a battery health report.
Check the odometer against these mileages
Owners report these failures starting around the mileages below. A car inside one of these ranges deserves a closer look at that part, or records showing it was already fixed.
Low-speed unintended acceleration crashes
300–8,000 miles
Front suspension creaking, link failure
45,000–68,000 miles
Why these checks: what owners reported
NHTSA complaints for the 2021 Tesla Model Y, grouped by the part owners named. Open a row to read what goes wrong.
Automatic emergency braking3139 crashes
Phantom braking dominates. The car brakes hard at highway speed on Autopilot, adaptive cruise, or Full Self-Driving with nothing ahead. Reports cluster around passing semi trucks, cresting hills, and open western interstates. Some owners say it happens every 50 to 100 miles and stop using cruise control. Near rear-end collisions are common. Crashes appear in 9 of 313 complaints, mostly in rain, where the car braked or steered abruptly during a lane change and spun into a median or guardrail. Other reports describe the system missing stopped objects, including a fatal crash.
Acceleration and cruise control13511 crashes
Sudden low-speed surges are the most serious pattern. The car lunges forward while parking, creeping in traffic, waiting at a drive-through, or shifting out of Park, and drivers say the brakes do not stop it. Several of these crashes happened within the first few hundred miles, with airbags deployed and cars totaled. Crashes appear in 11 of 135 complaints, with 4 injuries. The remaining reports describe phantom braking on cruise control, with sudden slowdowns of more than 30 mph on clear, empty highways, repeated many times on a single trip.
Electrical9910 crashes
Failures range from losing the car on the road to losing cabin heat. Some cars shut down while driving after a "pull over safely" warning or lose power and braking. One early case needed a new rear motor and 12-volt battery. Unintended acceleration and Autopilot swerve crashes also land here: 10 of 99 complaints involve crashes, with 9 injuries. One fatal fire report says the driver's door handle failed. The heat pump fails in deep cold, leaving no heat or defrost, with repairs quoted at a minimum of $3,000. A window also pinched a finger despite an earlier recall.
Brakes954 crashes
Phantom braking on Autopilot or adaptive cruise makes up most of these reports. The car drops from 65 mph toward a near stop on open road, and some drivers report it daily or 20 or more times on one long trip. A smaller group says the brake pedal did nothing during low-speed surges in parking lots or at a red light. Crashes appear in 4 of 95 complaints. Strong regenerative braking can break traction on snow or ice. One car computer defect disabled emergency braking and the backup camera, and replacing it cost $2,583.
Steering7210 crashes
Without warning, the wheel locks or resists input, sometimes at highway speed and sometimes alongside a "steering assist reduced" alert. Several crashes follow the car jerking left into a median or guardrail, often in light rain, with drivers unable to steer back and brakes feeling ineffective. Crashes appear in 10 of 72 complaints, with 6 injuries. Mechanical failures include a tie rod separating at 24,000 miles and both control arms failing near 52,000 miles. One owner just past warranty was quoted $2,500 for a possible rack replacement.
Suspension323 crashes
Front suspension links and their bolts loosen or fail. Early signs are creaking, groaning, or clunking in low-speed turns and over bumps, often starting between 45,000 and 68,000 miles. In worse cases bolts fall out, a front wheel twists or collapses, and the car becomes undrivable in traffic. Several owners link these failures to recall campaign 21V835000, though some VINs were not included. Upper control arm and ball joint wear shows up as an out-of-pocket repair after the 50,000-mile warranty. Front half shaft failures also appear.
Transmission233 crashes
Drive power cuts out. Reports describe a "power limited" turtle warning, intermittent drive disconnections, and a front motor inverter that blew the high-voltage pyrofuse and left the car needing a tow. A rear motor oil pump error returns on sub-freezing road trips. Some cars lunge forward when shifted out of Park, and one spun out in rain at 70 mph. Fire reports include a parked car fire and a rear window module that overheated and melted the door. A battery replacement at about 30,000 miles and a $4,000 heat pump bill also appear.
Airbags155 crashes
A front passenger restraint system fault warning is the main pattern. It comes and goes, often traces to the seat occupancy sensor, and can switch the passenger airbag off for adults weighing 108 to 123 lb. Repairs drag on, with months-long parts waits and quotes from $500 to $2,000, sometimes outside warranty. Separately, 5 of 15 complaints describe crashes where the airbags did not deploy, including one where the front airbag sensors were found fractured.
In owners' own words
Excerpts from complaints Model Y owners filed with NHTSA, as written. Listen for the same symptoms on your test drive.
I too have had an issue were without warning or provocation when on cruise control, whenever a semi-truck approached in the oncoming lane, or on four-lane divided highways, my car decelerated from 75 miles per hour to 40 miles per hour in a matter of seconds. I have also had the car phantom break when going under a overpass on a highway and while crossing 2 lane bridges. Luckily no accidents so far but definitely terrifying.
Filed with NHTSA, February 2022
When placed in cruise control (which is called TACC: traffic aware cruise control), and driving on 2 lanes road, the car frequently (more than 10 times over 20 miles) slams on the brakes when incoming large vehicles on the other lane. This is generating dangerous situation with following cars being surprised for sudden (and unwarranted) braking occurs. I have a dash cam video of one such incidents
Filed with NHTSA, December 2021
I was about to park the car in my garage and stopped midway down my driveway to take a phone call. After the phone call, I changed it from park to to drive by stepping on the brake and lightly stepped on the accelerator to ease it into the garage. It quickly accelerated. I stepped on the brake to stop it but it failed to stop. It crashed into my refrigerator in the garage. A video is available for you to view
Filed with NHTSA, April 2022
Was at a drive through and took foot off the brake and barely put any pressure on accelerator the car went out of control — sudden acceleration.. First time this has happened with this car. Was definitely not working properly. Less than a second was at full Speed. Had to swerve to try and avoid the car ahead of me. Entire left side of car is crushed and torn apart.
Filed with NHTSA, June 2022
Power was lost completely while car was on the road, breaks stop working and unable to stop. Driver had to go off road to prevent collision and road a accident. Towed to Tesla center. Diagnosis is “internal short” but did not elaborate. No explanation and answer why break did not work. External damage due to accident was not covered.
Filed with NHTSA, June 2024
The heater of the vehicle just stop working, due to MN cold weather and since there is no heat and just cold air blowing. It freezes the windshield and frost would build up with out any way to melt it since there’s no heat. It also fogs up the interior in the car since you can’t open the windows due MN minus windchill weathers. It’s hard to see and keep warm in a cold climate state. Tesla doesn’t see this is an emergency and it’s very concerning
Filed with NHTSA, January 2022
Phantom braking. We were going at around 45 miles per hour on route 30 and the car suddenly engaged brakes without anybody in front of me. Apparently it's a known issue called phantom braking and I wanted to report it
Filed with NHTSA, November 2023
Vehicle engaged full automatic braking inappropriately while driving around 55 miles per hour on a two-lane Oregon highway. No traffic in front of me or any debris in road.
Filed with NHTSA, February 2022
How the 2021 compares with other Model Y years
Complaints for this year next to the average for the other model years, area by area.
The 2021 ranks second for owner complaints among 6 Model Y years, about 2.1 times the average of the others. Newer years have had less time to collect complaints, so compare like with like.
- Automatic emergency braking313112
- Acceleration and cruise control13560
- Electrical9947
- Brakes9534
- Steering7252
- Suspension3217
Where the 2021 fits in the Model Y's history
Redesigns and mid-cycle updates change what can go wrong.
The 2021 is the second model year of the Model Y's first generation (2020–2025).
Tesla updated the Model Y for 2025, so a 2021 does not have those changes.
What changed for 2025 (not on a 2021)
- Full-width light bar as daytime running lights and tail light
- Touchscreen for rear passengers
- Sleeker front design
- Redesigned wheels and rear diffuser
Recalls to confirm (21)
Recall repairs are free at any Tesla dealer, but the seller may never have had them done. Check each campaign number against the VIN.
24V935000Wheels and tiresDec 2024
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2024 Cybertruck, 2017-2025 Model 3, and 2020-2025 Model Y vehicles. The tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) warning light may not remain illuminated between drive cycles, failing to warn the driver of low tire pressure. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 138, "Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems.".
Risk: Driving with improperly inflated tires increases the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 15, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-018.
24V554000Door latches and locksJul 2024
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2021-2024 Model 3, Model S, Model X, and 2020-2024 Model Y vehicles. The hood latch assembly may fail to detect an unlatched hood condition after the hood has been opened.
Risk: An unlatched hood can fully open, obstructing the driver's view and increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed September 24, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-012.
24V376000Seat beltsMay 2024
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2012-2024 Model S, 2015-2024 Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles. In the event of an unbelted driver, the seat belt warning light and audible chime may not activate as intended. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 208, "Occupant Crash Protection.".
Risk: A seat belt warning system that fails to alert occupants of an unbelted seat belt can increase the risk of injury during a crash.
Fix: Tesla will release an over-the-air (OTA) software update. Owner notification letters were mailed July 26, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-008.
24V153000Automatic emergency brakingFeb 2024
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2013, 2018-2021 Model S, 2020-2021 Model X, 2018-2022 Model 3, and 2020-2022 Model Y vehicles. A factory reset muted the Pedestrian Warning System (PWS) sounds. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 141, "Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles.".
Risk: Pedestrians may be unaware of an approaching vehicle if the PWS sounds are muted, increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, release 2023.44.30.14, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 27, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-006.
24V051000ElectricalJan 2024
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2012-2023 Model S, 2016-2024 Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, 2019-2024 Model Y, and 2024 Cybertruck vehicles. An incorrect font size is displayed on the instrument panel for the Brake, Park, and Antilock Brake System (ABS) warning lights. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 105, "Hydraulic and Electric Brake Systems" and 135, "Light Vehicle Brake Systems.".
Risk: Warning lights with a smaller font size can make critical safety information on the instrument panel difficult to read, increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla began releasing an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-003.
23V838000ElectricalDec 2023
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling 2012-2023 Model S, 2016-2023 Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles equipped with all versions of Autosteer leading up to the version(s) that contains the recall remedy. In certain circumstances when Autosteer is engaged, the prominence and scope of the feature's controls may not be sufficient to prevent driver misuse of the SAE Level 2 advanced driver-assistance feature.
Risk: In certain circumstances when Autosteer is engaged, and the driver does not maintain responsibility for vehicle operation and is unprepared to intervene as necessary or fails to recognize when Autosteer is canceled or not engaged, there may be an increased risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla will release an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 10, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-00-008.
23V085000SteeringFeb 2023
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2016-2023 Model S, Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles equipped with Full Self-Driving Beta (FSD Beta) software or pending installation. The FSD Beta system may allow the vehicle to act unsafe around intersections, such as traveling straight through an intersection while in a turn-only lane, entering a stop sign-controlled intersection without coming to a complete stop, or proceeding into an intersection during a steady yellow traffic signal without due caution. In addition, the system may respond insufficiently to changes in posted speed limits or not adequately account for the driver's adjustment of the vehicle's speed to exceed posted speed limits.
Risk: FSD Beta software that allows a vehicle to exceed speed limits or travel through intersections in an unlawful or unpredictable manner increases the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla will release an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 15, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-00-001.
22V844000Exterior lightsNov 2022
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2023 Model 3 and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles. One or both taillights may intermittently fail to illuminate.
Risk: A taillight that fails to illuminate may reduce the visibility of the vehicle, increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed January 14, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-016.
22V702000Wipers and visibilitySep 2022
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2017-2022 Model 3, 2020-2022 Model Y, and 2021-2022 Model S and Model X vehicles. The window automatic reversal system may not react correctly after detecting an obstruction. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 118, "Power-Operated Window Systems.".
Risk: A closing window may exert excessive force by pinching a driver or passenger before retracting, increasing the risk of injury.
Fix: Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update of the automatic window reversal system, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 31, 2032. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-013.
22V317000Automatic emergency brakingMay 2022
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2020-2021 Model 3 and 2021 Model Y vehicles. The fisheye and narrow camera cable terminals were incorrectly installed in the cable harness connector, resulting in swapped camera views.
Risk: Swapped camera views can prevent the vehicle's cameras from detecting crossing objects and high-curvature lane lines, impairing the Autosteer and Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) performance, and increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla Service will correct the swapped terminals and recalibrate the cameras, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 8, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-17-007.
22V235000ElectricalApr 2022
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2020-2022 Model Y, Model X, Model S, and 2017-2022 Model 3 vehicles. The Boombox function allows sounds to be played through an external speaker while the vehicle is in motion, which may obscure the Pedestrian Warning System (PWS) sounds. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 141, "Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles.".
Risk: Pedestrians may be unaware of an approaching vehicle if the PWS sounds are obscured, increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update that will disable the Boombox functionality when the vehicle is in Drive, Neutral and Reverse modes, including Summon and Smart Summon, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed June 6, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-003. Note: This recall supersedes recall 22V-063. Vehicles configured with Summon or Smart Summon and already remedied under 22V-063 will need to have the new remedy software installed.
22V063000ElectricalFeb 2022
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2020-2022 Model S, Model X, Model Y, and 2017-2022 Model 3 vehicles. The Boombox function allows sounds to be played through an external speaker while the vehicle is in motion, which may obscure the Pedestrian Warning System (PWS) sounds. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 141, "Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles.".
Risk: Pedestrians may be unaware of an approaching vehicle if the PWS sounds are obscured, increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update that will disable the Boombox functionality when the vehicle is in Drive, Neutral and Reverse modes, free of charge. Owner notification letters are expected to be mailed April 5, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-003. Note: This recall has been superseded by Recall 22V-235. Tesla's number for the new recall is SB-22-00-003.
22V050000ElectricalFeb 2022
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2021-2022 Model 3, Model S, Model X, and 2020-2022 Model Y vehicles. A software error may cause a valve in the heat pump to open unintentionally and trap the refrigerant inside the evaporator, resulting in decreased defrosting performance. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 103, "Windshield Defrosting and Defogging Systems.".
Risk: Decreased defrosting performance may reduce the driver's visibility, increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 1, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-18-002.
22V045000ElectricalFeb 2022
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2021-2022 Model S and Model X, 2017-2022 Model 3, and 2020-2022 Model Y vehicles. The audible chime may not activate when the vehicle starts and the driver has not buckled their seat belt. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 208, "Occupant Crash Protection.".
Risk: The driver may be unaware that their seat belt is not fastened, increasing the risk of injury during a crash.
Fix: Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 1, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-002.
22V037000ElectricalJan 2022
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2016-2022 Model S and Model X, 2017-2022 Model 3, and 2020-2022 Model Y vehicles. The "rolling stop" functionality available as part of the Full Self-Driving (Beta) software may allow the vehicle to travel through an all-way stop intersection without first coming to a stop.
Risk: Failing to stop at a stop sign can increase the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla will perform an over-the-air (OTA) software update that disables the "rolling stop" functionality, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 28, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-001.
21V912000SuspensionNov 2021
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2020-2022 Model Y vehicles. The front and rear suspension knuckles may fracture, causing the suspension links to separate.
Risk: Suspension links that separate can reduce vehicle stability and control, increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla Service will inspect and replace the knuckles as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed January 18, 2022. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-31-004.
21V846000Automatic emergency brakingOct 2021
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2017-2021 Model S, Model 3, Model X, and 2020-2021 Model Y vehicles operating software version 2021.36.5.2. A communication error may cause false forward-collision warning (FCW) or unexpected activation of the automatic emergency brake (AEB) system.
Risk: Unexpected activation of the AEB system may cause the car to stop suddenly, increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla Service has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. The recall began October 25, 2021. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-00-004.
21V835000SuspensionOct 2021
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2020-2021 Model Y and 2019-2021 Model 3 vehicles. The front suspension lateral link fasteners may loosen, allowing the lateral link to separate from the sub-frame.
Risk: A lateral link separation could shift the wheel alignment, causing instability and increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla Service will tighten or replace the lateral link fasteners as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed December 20, 2021. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-31-003.
21V387000BrakesMay 2021
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2019-2021 Model 3 and 2020-2021 Model Y vehicles. The brake caliper bolts may be loose, allowing the brake caliper to separate and contact the wheel rim.
Risk: Contact with the rim may cause a loss of tire pressure, increasing the risk of a crash.
Fix: Tesla Service will inspect and tighten, or replace the caliper bolts as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 23, 2021. Owners may contact Tesla customer service online by visiting www.tesla.com/support/contact or by calling 1-877-79-TESLA (or 1-877-798-3752). Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-33-002.
21V388000Seat beltsMay 2021
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2019-2021 Model Y vehicles. One or both fasteners that secure the left and right second row seat belt retractors may not be properly attached.
Risk: Improperly attached fasteners may prevent the seat belt retention system from performing as designed, increasing the risk of injury.
Fix: Tesla Service will inspect and replace both fasteners if necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 23, 2021. Owners may contact Tesla customer service online by visiting www.tesla.com/support/contact or by calling 1-877-79-TESLA (or 1-877-798-3752). Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-20-002.
21V389000Seat beltsMay 2021
Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2018-2020 Model 3 and 2019-2021 Model Y vehicles. One or both fasteners that secure the front seat shoulder belt to the b-pillar may not be properly attached.
Risk: An improperly attached fastener may prevent the seat belt system from performing as designed, increasing the risk of injury.
Fix: Tesla Service will inspect and repair both fasteners if necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 23, 2021. Owners may contact Tesla customer service online by visiting www.tesla.com/support/contact or by calling 1-877-79-TESLA (or 1-877-798-3752). Tesla's number for this recall is SB-21-20-001.
Also looking at these instead of a Model Y?
Cars shoppers compare with the Tesla Model Y, with their own 2021 checklists.
2021 owner complaints, side by side
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- 2021 Tesla Model Y991
